WAEC Geography theory answers

1i. population growth
An increase in the number of people
that reside in a country, state, county,
or city. To determine whether there has
been population growth, the following
formula is used: (birth rate +
immigration) - (death rate +
emigration). Businesses and
governmental bodies use this
information to make determinations
about investing in certain communities
or regions.

1aii)
Birth rate is the rate at which children are being given birth to in a country.

1aiii) 
optimum population is the number of people that can be supported by by the available resources in an area, so as to achieve the highest possible standard of living. 

1b)
i) Increased birth rate
ii) Prevention of rural to urban migration
iii) Improved health service provision
iv) Industrialisation

2a)

i) Road transport

ii) Water transport

iii) Air transport

iv) Rail transport



2b)

i) Presence of water fall and cataracts limits the use of rivers



ii) Presence of floating vegetation e.g water weed



iii) Seasonality of most rivers is a problem



iv) Water transport by inland navigation is too slow for people with perishable goods



2c)

i) Rivers should be dredged regularly

ii) construction of canals to bye pass water falls and cataracts

iii) Water weed should be equipped refrigerated holds



3ai) Conurbations may be broadly seen as having
the following features:
(i) A conurbation is a continuously built-up
area but it does not include ribbon
development. It also does not necessarily
exclude a built-up area separated by a
narrow rural land from the main built-up
area to which it is well-attached.
(ii) A conurbation shows high population
density; its population is much greater than
that of the nearby towns.
(iii) A conurbation has various
miscellaneous industries operating in it
which rely on the reserves of labour,
excellent transport, etc. in the conurbation.... Only 2 required


(3aii)

A conurbation shows high population

density; its population is much greater than that of the nearby towns.



(3aiii) A conurbation has various

miscellaneous industries operating in it

which rely on the reserves of labour,

excellent transport, etc


Section 2.
4c) . Once a dam is constructed, electricity can be produced at a constant rate.
*. If electricity is not needed, the sluice gates can be shut, stopping electricity generation. The water can be saved for use another time when electricity demand is high.
*. Dams are designed to last many decades and so can contribute to the generation of electricity for many years / decades.
*. The lake that forms behind the dam can be used for water sports and leisure / pleasure activities. Often large dams become tourist attractions in their own right.
*. The lake's water can be used for irrigation purposes.
*. The build up of water in the lake means that energy can be stored until needed, when the water is released to produce electricity.
* When in use, electricity produced by dam systems do not produce green house gases. They do not pollute the atmosphere.

6a)
i) ECOWAS aims to promote co-operation and integration in economic, social and cultural activity, ultimately leading to the establishment
of an economic and monetary union through the total integration of the national economies of member states.

ii)It also aims to raise the living
standards of its peoples, maintain and enhance economic stability, foster relations among
member states and contribute to the progress and development of the African Continent.

Good luck